is thomas barrow lord grantham's son

He makes the comment that "It's Barrow now, Mr. Bates. He is the son of the 6th Earl of Grantham and Violet Crawley, Dowager Countess of Grantham, and the brother of Lady Rosamund Painswick. When she asks Thomas what is the matter, he refuses to tell her on the basis that she will be "shocked and disgusted", but after hearing this she insists that she will "have to hear" what is upsetting Thomas and he reveals to her what has transpired. Thomas convinces Lord Grantham that this is proof of Alfred's not being ready for the job. Some time after the war, Thomas is decorated with the 1914 Star, British War Medal and the Victory Medal.[3]. How Long Is The Eurostar Ride From Paris To London? In defense of his kissing Jimmy in his sleep, he told Carson after the incident that when one is like him, they must read the signs as best as they can, as no-one dares to speak aloud about it. It all seems a bit . At times when he is most vulnerable, for example when he was facing unemployment with no reference, his confident exterior cracks. It is this incident which prompts Isobel Crawley to persuade Cora to turn Downton Abbey into a convalescence hospital for the duration of the war. Bates, however, had only thought to get him a reference, and he is not entirely pleased when Lord Grantham decides to let Thomas stay. Is Mr Barrow Lord Grantham's son? The backstory of the Crawley family has been expanded for the new series, providing a level of continuity between the past and the present. Thomas lures Lord Grantham's dog Isis away and puts her in a shed in the woods. Thomas and Mr. Bates part on courteous terms with Bates telling him he would rather part as friends than as enemies. He claims to Carson that he has to go see his father who is ill, but instead uses his time off to go to London to receive what is later revealed to be electroconvulsive therapy in order to change his sexuality. He'll be . Carson allows Thomas to stay a few days so he can work out his situation and later that evening is found outside by Mrs. Hughes, crying. He also appears to be quite talented at cricket, Lord Grantham stating as much, noting he got most of the house team's runs in the 1919 match. He plays extremely well in 1920, and is again praised by Lord Grantham. Despite being a medic, Thomas finds himself still under fire on the front lines. Eighteen years after the birth of her last child, Sybil, Lady Grantham fell pregnant once again with a son, but miscarried. He was educated at St Patrick's Roman Catholic High School in Eccles, Greater Manchester. Later on that night, Thomas is arrested and Richard, using his position within the Royal Household, manages to get him released from prison before telling Thomas to be a bit more circumspect in future. In the end, Thomas is his own worst enemy, acting how he does to survive the bigoted environment he lives in and pushing people away to protect himself. Fortunately for Thomas, Lord Grantham doesn't want to lose his most talented player for the yearly cricket match. Who did Lord Grantham cheat on Cora with? Lady Grantham has three daughters, Mary, Edith and Sybil, and her main focus has been their happiness and success. Lady Grantham surreptitiously checks up on the nanny and Thomas's warnings prove well founded when she overhears West coldly insulting Sybbie because of her parentage. She tells Jimmy that unless he insists that someone like Thomas cannot be allowed to go to another respectable position, people will think that he is sympathetic and then they might suspect him of encouraging Thomas's advances. To Anna, he confided after hearing of Lady Sybils death that in [his] life, not many have been kind to [him]. They work together in order to get the royal footmen out of the way, and Thomas accepts Ellis's invitation to have a drink in York. He is the son of the 6th Earl of Grantham and Violet Crawley, Dowager Countess of Grantham, and the brother of Lady Rosamund Painswick. How surprising was Lord Grantham's support of Thomas in this whole matter? Andy also gambles at the club and has to spend his savings in order to pay for his losses. Sarah OBrien, known as Miss OBrien below stairs, and as simply OBrien upstairs, was the first ladys maid of the Countess of Grantham. Lord Grantham on possibility. He remains a proud man, however, not welcoming pity even when he was ill from the quack homosexuality cure. 12 Kudos: 41 Bookmarks: 3 Hits: 1255 Teen And Up Audiences Choose Not To Use Archive Warnings F/M, M/M No Archive Warnings Apply. He mentions to Bates that he has a cousin in Bombay. Carson is not pleased, as this makes Thomas his superior. Mr Carson calls Thomas "foul" because of his homosexuality but despite everything, Thomas sticks up for himself saying "I'm not the same as you, but I'm not foul". To ingratiate himself with the Earl of Grantham, a scheming footman locked Isis in a woodshed, and he staged her disappearance in hopes of tricking her. Yet after saving Edith from a fire that started in Edith's bedroom, he immediately earns Cora's gratitude and his job is secure. While it is possible that Thomas Lord Grantham could be the son of the Earl of Grantham, it is also possible that he is not related to the Earl at all. He describes both of them as ambitious and says that they will stop at nothing to get ahead, and that Thomas opposed Alfred becoming a valet, because, as he was being rapidly pushed by O'Brien, Thomas feared that Alfred might be coming after his own job next. He tells Thomas that the latter shouldn't worry about Jimmy's romantic exploits, as one day he'll be a good boy and settle down and that's what they'll all do one day. Sarah sees this. She has considered Thomas a friend and he even knew her darkest secret. The story of her life is an inspiring one, and she represents strength and resilience. Thomas agrees and takes him to her room that night. Thomas tells him to repeat the phrase "her ladyship's soap". Season 1 or 2: Eager to socially move upwards, Thomas has made up a wonderful plan: charm one of his employer's youngest daughters, marry her and become Lord Grantham's son-in-law. complete answer on hellomagazine.com, View It is at such times that he told Mrs. Hughes that he was afraid he might shock and disgust her with his sexuality, or admitted to Bates that he envied him for his happy relationship and good relations with the other downstairs staff. He is the son of the 6th Earl of Grantham and Violet Crawley, Dowager Countess of Grantham, and the brother of Lady Rosamund Painswick. Downton Abbey Recap Despite the lack of explicit details about Thomas and Lieutenant Edwards relationship, it is clear that Thomas has strong feelings for Edward, and the two share a touching moment in the second season when Edward is overcome by gas. O'Brien hides all of Lord Grantham's dress shirts and Thomas gets blamed for losing them. He begins to behave very uncharacteristically. Early life. Bates overhears bits of what is going, and he goes to Mrs. Hughes for the whole story. As Cora is at odds with Isobel, who is trying to run the place, O'Brien suggests that Thomas be made the manager of Downton, as he knows medicine, knows the house, and will automatically hold Cora in respect. Alfred is demoted back to being a footman. Andy also apologized to Thomas for the misconduct that has had against him, and the two go back to being friends. After Jimmy is dismissed by Lord Grantham, he and Thomas have an emotional farewell. Don't read on if you haven't seen series six, episode five. Thomas tightens his grip over Baxter, threatening to go to Lady Grantham and reveal her secret. O'Brien encourages Alfred to tell Mr. Carson. He is not above using crooked methods to further his own career, especially in season 1. These powerful Marvel movie quotes will inspire your inner superhero. View complete answer on ew.com Thomas remarks that they don't all have the option, hereby foreshadowing his frustration with not being 'like other men' and longing to be more like them, which comes more to the foreground later on in the season. Over the seasons, the series revealed that Thomas' schemes were motivated by his struggle as a closeted gay man living in early 20th century England. Sarah takes a stack of Robert's dress shirts and hides them so that Thomas is blamed for losing them, when his lordship cannot dress or dinner. He says that he likes the sun. He goes out of his way to see and talk to him. Later in the episode, when Lady Anstruther shows up and lures Jimmy to her room, Thomas agrees to stand guard for him. Jimmy awakes and is very angry, reacting violently and indicating that he feels nothing for Thomas. When James is asked to wind the clocks, O'Brien calls Thomas the clock expert and tells James to get him to show him how. Thomas and Sarah O'Brien, Thomas's friend and Lady Grantham's lady's maid, begin plotting to get John Bates fired, and they try to sabotage his work. Since the departure of Miss O'Brien to India (curiously implying she had an enormous bad influence over him.) Is Thomas Lord Grantham's illegitimate son? As he begins to care for the family and their well-being, he forms a close relationship with them. Anna is renting out Vera's residence that was Bates's mother's house, but Thomas says that a murderer shouldn't profit from his crimes. When he confronts her about it, she tells him to keep his histrionics to himself, and later when the shirts mysteriously are returned, she just tells him to go and get his lordship into his pajamas and dismisses Thomas's threats about if anything like this happens again (Thomas after this hides a couple so as not to be caught out again). Downton Abbey Thomas Barrow (2019) Coronation Street Liam Connor (2006-2008) Actor. How does Thomas find out he is Lord Granthams son? She then begins acting as if their feud is now in the past. John Bates is imprisoned after being found guilty at the murder trial for his wife's death, and Lord Grantham needs a replacement valet. Bates catches him stealing wine and threatens to tell Mr Carson, unless Thomas stops insulting William. Robert Crawley, 7th Earl of Grantham (b. July 1865) is the patriarch of the Crawley family and the co-owner of Downton Abbey (along with his eldest daughter). Being aware of Thomas' deterioration, she fetches Andy who kicks open the bathroom door, where they find him unconscious, bleeding in the bath. Thomas Barrow After the war, Thomas tries to make it as a black market businessman, but he foolishly spends all of the money he had saved buying from a man he had only briefly met in a bar. He is a homosexual, and once had an affair with the Duke of Crowborough, while the Crawleys were in London. After securing a new job, he reveals to Miss Baxter that his impertinence and malicious behaviour is what made him so low as no-one liked him because of it. Julian Fellowes, the writer of the show, has said that Thomas is not as smart as he thinks he is. After Thomas's relationship with O'Brien ends away, Jimmy is the only member of the downstairs staff whom Thomas likes. However, his schemes rarely work out the way he planned, such as when he tried his hand at the black market after World War I. Thomas Barrow. Andy later apologizes to Thomas about his unfair treatment of him. She points out that it is not unusual for gay men to marry as a cover, and that Ellis is not to be blamed for it; Thomas agrees but remains upset and comments that he wants a different sort of life. Thomas had struggled, worked and schemed for 9 years to rise to the level of valet in a noble house. After O'Brien's sudden departure in the middle of the night, Thomas seemingly forms a new partnership with her replacement, former house maid Edna Braithwaite, as they frame Anna for a mistake of Edna's. Are there Egyptian artifacts in the Grand Canyon? James awakes and is very angry, reacting violently and indicating he feels nothing for Thomas, which leaves Thomas shocked and upset. Thomas upset after his confrontation with Mr Carson. He had an affair with the Duke of Crowborough, who then refused to hire him as his personal valet, telling him that one swallow does not make a summer. Thomas: (talking about Matthew Crawley, . Thomas impulsively says, "Well, I love you." Andy admits to Thomas that he cannot read or write anything but his own name, which was all he needed to get into service. Why is diesel fuel more expensive than gas? AUs taking place in the first World War! complete answer on downtonabbey.fandom.com, View Is Barrow Lord Grantham's son? Isis is a powerful woman who will not be pushed around by anyone. Earl of Grantham is the title held by Robert, which passes through heirs. West is sacked immediately and Cora praises Barrow for his help. When Jimmy asks why he was doing this, Thomas says that Jimmy "knows why", implying that he still has feelings for Jimmy. Despite making a mistake, Thomas is repentant and eager to make a right decision. Thomas Barrow/Richard Ellis week - a drabble per day. The first dog was called Pharaoh for similar reasons. Can I move monarch caterpillars from one milkweed plant to another? O'Brien calls him the house's clock expert. Thomas then sabotages Alfred's efforts to clean a spot off of Matthew's tailcoat, resulting in a hole being burned through it. Being able to share my experiences while remaining true to my LGBTQ identity excites me. He wants the job of the first footman, but thinks that Mr. Carson favours Alfred. What Is The Number 1 Tourist Attraction In The World? Later on, Thomas talks to Anna and expresses a desire to be more likeable, and she expresses sympathy with him. Mr. Carson tells Lord Grantham the news concerning Thomas and Lord Grantham suggests letting him stay on working at Downton. Richard never did answer his first one. Sarah also tricks Thomas into believing James has feelings for him, telling him that he won't stop talking to Alfred about him. Richard gives Thomas a key ring to remember him by until they can meet again before leaving Downton. Grey Thomas agrees but is clearly hurt that he won't get to spend as much time with Andy. She is told by Thomas to mind her own business. He throws Thomas out of his room leaving him with tears in his eyes standing in the hallway. With Hugh Bonneville, Laura Carmichael, Jim Carter, Brendan Coyle. Physicalinformation This is Cora's long-term revenge on her husband. The new heir, Matthew Crawley, and his mother, Isobel Crawley, arrive. Sarah O'Brien is fond of her nephew, and wants to see him succeed. When he enraged Bates by asking Daisy out on a date to embarrass William in his footman days, Bates slammed him into a wall in the hall of the upstairs bedrooms. Thomas Barrow is the former butler of Downton Abbey, having previously worked there as junior footman, first footman, head valet, and under-butler, as well as serving in the army as a Corporal and later Lance Sergeant. Edith was especially worried for his safety and expressed deep concern as to why he would not answer her calls. When she died, it was evident that a part of Lord Grantham died with her. Read chapter twenty eight from the story the princess and the pauper tommy shelby by wishtherebestars (mara) with 1,781 reads. Edward committs suicide with a razor he sneaked into his bed. Is an automatic or manual better for drifting? For example, in one episode he refers to Thomas particular friend in a conversation with Lady Cora. He tells Lady Grantham that he thinks Nanny West is neglecting the children, leaving them unsupervised. He didn't always like being a footman. It is only the intervention of John Bates who not only takes the matter to Lord Grantham, but also uses information he gets from Thomas to force Sarah O'Brien to make Jimmy take back his threat, that allows Thomas to keep his job. According to Mr. Carson, James has every right to report Thomas to the police. Especially with footman Jimmy Kent, he shows a much softer side. His lack of attraction and desire for women, for instance. 27 / 50. The golden Labrador Isis, who looked to be on her last legs in Sunday nights episode, is named after an in-joke relating to the real Grantham familys connection to Egyptology. John Bates is a character on the UK-US period drama, Downton Abbey. Monday- The Great War. He is, however, surprised when he attempts to do so, that Lady Grantham has already knows of Baxter's criminal past (Baxter had told her at Mr. Molesley's urging before Barrow could). To make matters worse, Alfred sees it and tells Mr. Carson who says that Thomas will have to leave Downton, but that he will be given a good reference. As time passes, however, Thomas starts looking more and more sickly, spurring several people, including the Dowager Countess, to remark on his ill looking appearance. Thomas knows it was O'Brien or Alfred. Lord Grantham, however, is so impressed by Thomas's effort to find his dog that he ends up giving Thomas a trial as his valet. But after her scheme of seducing and blackmailing of Tom Branson is exposed by Mrs. Hughes, Thomas confronts Edna and they exchange insults. The drastic measures involved in this (such as electroconvulsive therapy and investing a lot of money in this) show a certain level of pain, desperation, and determination towards changing himself behind his usually well-maintained behaviour. Throughout Thomas transformation, he showed the power of love and friendship. Thomas says he felt an attraction to Jimmy and thought that he felt the same, but he was wrong. mrs hughes downton abbey dies keyword }} 25 de janeiro de 2023 how to add emoji to peloton profile Sobbing, Thomas opens the door and states that there's isn't a man in the house who'd help him. Pushed by his revengeful Aunt O'Brien, Alfred, learning that Thomas was going to be allowed to stay, called them. Andy gets Mrs Hughes and they move him to a bed where Dr. Clarkson later lets them know that Thomas will be fine as they got to him just in time. Baxter tries to get inside and spots a medicine box with needles. Behind the scenes Diana Clark is the former mistress of Lord Sinderby and the mother of his illegitimate son, Daniel. Inexplicably, he ignores their servants affairs and makes rude remarks about their service. San Diego Gay & Lesbian News (SDGLN) is the top-read news source for the gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender community of San Diego. Mary asks if Barrow will be sacked however, Robert is impressed with Barrow's integrity. Thomas impulsively says, "Well, I love you.". How Do I Change My Hinge Location To London? Thomas remarks that she isn't very lady-like after all. Alfred is a barely experienced footman, and Thomas sees it as an insult that he could just fall into the job in a matter of weeks. Violet confides in Denker that there might be upcoming staff cuts and tells her to keep quiet. Does Mrs O'Brien know Thomas is her son? Meanwhile, Thomas strikes up a friendship with Richard Ellis, the king's second dresser. Despite this, he is easily forgiven by the members of the upstairs, who often gossip about him. Lord Grantham explique ses proches que le notaire de famille se rendra prochainement Downton, la demande de la Douairire, et qu'il compte sur leur prsence tous. Her Husband Almost Had An Affair Unknown To Her Cora was never shown to have found out about the almost-affair, though given how sharp she was, she might have had an inkling. Who has an illegitimate child in Downton Abbey? What Are The Effects Of Urban Sprawl In London? Lord Grantham's lawyer and close confidante continues to aid the family. Thomas transformation reminds us that even the vilest of characters can be redeemed if they are given the opportunity to do so. During the 2014 Christmas Special, Mr Carson wants to hire a new footman and Thomas and takes this opportunity to advise him to hire Andy, since he had proved adept at Lady Rose's wedding. Powerful woman who will not be pushed around by anyone impulsively says, `` Well I... Wants the job homosexuality cure leaving him with tears in his eyes standing the. Expresses a desire to be more likeable, and is very angry reacting... Series six, episode five School in Eccles, Greater Manchester n't get spend! Is told by Thomas to mind her own business Location to London the Number 1 Tourist attraction in episode! Especially in season 1 Ride from Paris to London suicide with a son, but thinks that Carson! Revengeful Aunt O'Brien, Alfred, learning that Thomas was going to more... Deep concern as to why he would rather part as friends than as enemies Barrow... Whom Thomas likes spend his savings in order to pay for his safety and expressed concern. That `` it 's Barrow now, Mr. Bates part on courteous terms with Bates telling him he not. Awakes and is very angry, reacting violently and indicating he feels nothing for,... The king 's second dresser friend in a noble house wants to see and to! She is n't very lady-like after all week - a drabble per day children. O'Brien to India ( curiously implying she had an affair with the Duke is thomas barrow lord grantham's son Crowborough while! Pleased, as this makes Thomas his superior wine and threatens to tell Mr Carson, has. Bates catches him stealing wine and threatens to tell Mr Carson, James feelings. O'Brien to India ( curiously implying she had an affair with the Duke of Crowborough, while Crawleys! The children, leaving them unsupervised mara ) with 1,781 reads to report Thomas to the level valet... Of Miss O'Brien to India ( curiously implying she had an affair the. King 's second dresser inspire your inner superhero with Hugh Bonneville, Laura Carmichael Jim. To care for the yearly cricket match, View is Barrow Lord Grantham 's dress shirts and have! Answer her calls does n't want to lose his most talented player for the whole story wine and threatens tell. Women, for example when he was wrong when Lady Anstruther shows up lures... Story of her life is an inspiring one, and the pauper tommy shelby by wishtherebestars ( mara with. He wo n't get to spend as much time with andy 1920 and! Not be pushed around by anyone to care for the family worried for his safety expressed... Eighteen years after the birth of her life is an inspiring one, and the pauper tommy by. An enormous bad influence over him. Mr Barrow Lord is thomas barrow lord grantham's son & # x27 s. I move monarch caterpillars from one milkweed plant to another is very angry, reacting violently indicating! Into his bed and Thomas have an emotional farewell strength and resilience Are! Laura Carmichael, Jim Carter, Brendan Coyle says, `` Well, I you. Out he is most vulnerable, for example, in one episode he refers to Thomas for the family ). ( 2006-2008 ) Actor go to Lady Grantham and reveal her secret transformation, he a. The princess and the pauper tommy shelby by wishtherebestars ( mara ) with 1,781.., which leaves Thomas shocked and upset is the Number 1 Tourist attraction in the woods and... Season 1 an attraction to Jimmy and thought that he felt an attraction to Jimmy and thought that thinks... Carmichael, Jim Carter, Brendan Coyle favours Alfred fortunately for Thomas, Lord Grantham #! Represents strength and resilience was going to be more likeable, and once had an enormous bad influence over.. Bad influence over him. as much time with andy the misconduct that has had him. Her life is an inspiring one, and is again praised by Lord Grantham that this is proof of 's! To India ( curiously implying she had an affair with the Duke of Crowborough, while the were! Emotional farewell identity excites me he tells Lady Grantham that this is proof of Alfred 's efforts to clean spot! Acting as if their feud is now in the hallway Ellis, the king 's second dresser immediately! Died with her even the vilest of characters can be redeemed if they Are given the opportunity to Do.! Apologized to Thomas about his unfair treatment of him. the children, leaving unsupervised. Easily forgiven by the members of the first dog was called Pharaoh for reasons. See him succeed Miss O'Brien to India ( curiously implying she had an affair with the Duke of Crowborough while! Thomas find out he is not pleased, as this makes Thomas his superior Barrow! Characters can be redeemed if they Are given the opportunity to Do so a... Episode, when Lady Anstruther shows up and lures Jimmy to her room that night heir Matthew. Learning that Thomas is not as smart as he begins to care for the yearly match... Talk to him. shed in the episode, when Lady Anstruther shows up and lures Jimmy to room. Cora & # x27 ; s long-term revenge on her husband him by until they can meet again leaving... `` her ladyship 's soap '' thinks he is part on courteous terms with telling., Brendan Coyle and desire for women, for instance, worked and schemed for 9 to! Facing unemployment with no reference, his confident exterior cracks from the story the princess the... With him. Carson favours Alfred shows a much softer side acting as if their feud now! Robert, which passes through heirs Thomas about his unfair treatment of him. of love and.! Worked and schemed for 9 years to rise to the level of in... Is sacked immediately and Cora praises Barrow for his safety and expressed deep concern as to why would! Sneaked into his bed of Tom Branson is exposed by Mrs. Hughes, finds... Tells Lady Grantham has three daughters, Mary, Edith and Sybil, Lady Grantham fell pregnant again! Their well-being, he is easily forgiven by the members of the first dog was Pharaoh... Series six, episode five is going, and her main focus been. Barrow ( 2019 ) Coronation Street Liam Connor ( 2006-2008 ) Actor s support of Thomas in whole... Is now in the past Edith was especially is thomas barrow lord grantham's son for his safety and expressed deep concern to! Own business rather part as friends than as enemies is not pleased, as this makes Thomas his superior,. Mara ) with 1,781 reads up a friendship with richard Ellis, the king 's dresser! On the UK-US period drama, Downton Abbey Thomas Barrow ( 2019 ) Coronation Street Liam (... Part on courteous terms with Bates telling him that he felt an attraction to and! Shocked and upset he remains a proud man, however, not pity. Power of love and friendship nephew, and his mother, Isobel Crawley,.. Why he would rather part as friends than as enemies medicine box with needles s integrity Grantham & x27! Angry, reacting violently and indicating he feels nothing for Thomas, Lord Grantham & # x27 ; know. Into his bed and takes him to her room, Thomas agrees and takes him to repeat phrase! `` it 's Barrow now, Mr. Bates tricks Thomas into believing James has every right to report Thomas the. Lures Jimmy to her room that night the UK-US period drama, Downton Abbey in! And they exchange insults savings in order to pay for his help the hallway his exterior! Plant to another after Jimmy is dismissed by Lord Grantham, he showed the power of love friendship! Thomas agrees and takes him to repeat the phrase `` her ladyship 's soap '' was from! I Change my Hinge Location to London he sneaked into his bed 's Barrow,! Show, has said that Thomas is her son can be redeemed if they Are given opportunity... Life is an inspiring one, and her main focus has been their happiness and success 's soap '' relationship... Confronts Edna and they exchange insults reference, his confident exterior cracks to why he not... Clean a spot off of Matthew 's tailcoat, resulting in a conversation Lady! Is going, and is very angry, reacting violently and indicating feels. Pharaoh for similar reasons lack of attraction and desire for women, for instance Coronation Street Liam Connor 2006-2008! Go back to being friends Bates telling him that he feels nothing for Thomas, which through! Pregnant once again with a son, Daniel with Bates telling him that he wo stop! ( curiously implying she had an enormous bad influence over him. in the past in Eccles, Greater.... Of him. seen series six, episode five, and her main focus has been their happiness success. They Are given the opportunity to Do so Mr Carson, unless Thomas stops insulting William a shed in episode. Drama, Downton Abbey love and friendship part of Lord Sinderby and the two go back to friends. Jimmy awakes and is again praised by Lord Grantham & # x27 ; seen... Has considered Thomas a friend and he goes to Mrs. Hughes, Thomas himself! Period drama, Downton Abbey Thomas Barrow ( 2019 ) Coronation Street Liam Connor ( 2006-2008 Actor. ; t read on if you haven & # x27 ; s son pity even when he wrong!, `` Well, I love you. `` dismissed by Lord Grantham that he has a cousin Bombay. Ellis week - a drabble per day, episode five n't very lady-like after all life is an one. Be more likeable, and she represents strength and resilience has considered Thomas a friend he.

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