Please email or text 570-573-4597 with any questions! Step 1: figure out the hamster's phenotype, and write a preliminary genotype. Lethal genes result in death in utero or shortly after birth. . (This Lmk if you have any questions! Calculates all the possible genetic outcomes for any combination of breeding pair. degree relatives. In Syrian hamsters, Dark Eared White masks all other colors coded for in the genotype. Rust is often being mistaken as a Cinnamon by people newer to breeding and phenotyping. Breeding for dominant traits is simple. In Syrian hamsters Lg (Light, or Lethal, Pairing it with an unpatterned animal unlikely to carry Dark Eared White should reveal any of the dominant pattern genes. Phenotyping your hamster provides genotype information about recessive genes only if they are present in pairs; it does not tell you if the animal is carrying recessives. Syrian Hamster- 2-3 years. the original Yellow male. They have a wild type gene at the Cinnamon locus and so show do not show the effect of the Cinnamon allele, p. In the same way, they do not show the effect of the Dark Grey allele, dg. Cross: Heterozygous Silver Grey (Sgsg) x Heterozygous Silver Grey (Sgsg). (21.5.2019) - Dilute mutation added for Pyrrhura Molinea and recesive grey for Quoker Parrot. Making plans ahead of time will make the breeding process smoother. Sibling cross: Golden (Bb) x Golden (Bb). heterozygous form. Eyes and Ears (5 points) But you can The coat will be a mosaic of yellow and non yellow patches. She will reject it and possibly eat it. For example, a white hamster would be more conspicuous to predators; it would therefore be more likely than normal coloured hamsters to be eaten and less likely to breed. Mating one of these females to a Black male goes like this: The probability is that 1/8 of the litter will be Black Tort females (highlighted in table). These novel hamster models are being used by the Wang lab and other laboratories to study metabolic diseases. Homozygous: The hamster has two copies of the gene, and wether or not it is recessive or dominant doesnt matter, because either way it will show up. Changes in her temperament will start to occur. A third is epistasis (or masking) which is suppression of More classical uses are covered only as they pertain to these current uses. Let the babies come to you, do not try to pick them up to be safe. This is because the pairs of chromosomes in the hamsters cells look the same. get an all Black litter. The commonest and most established are shown in the table. Females can thus be ToTo, (pure breeding Yellow), toto, (pure breeding non Yellow) or Toto, (Tortoiseshell pure breeding for neither). For a recessive mutation like Dark Grey the mutant allele, (dg), is recessive and the wild type dominant, (Dg). Chop up broccoli into small pieces, or maybe give the pups a strip of a grated carrot. Getting a Syrian hamster from a safe source will eliminate possible genetic issues. The Yellow gene combines with Cinnamon to produce Honey and with Dark Grey to produce Smoke Pearl. Genetics, as well as the care and stress levels play a big role in how long and how well your hamster lives. A dihybrid cross results in a 1:2:1 genotype ratio. This will familiarize the hamsters to their different smells. The Dark Grey female, likewise, has two dg alleles at her Dark Grey locus. The size of adult animals is around 6 in (15 cm) long, with a lifespan of two-Three years. Move the hamsters one by one into a safe and clean area where they cannot escape. Through daily handling, they will become very docile and social to their human owners. All Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) as pets come from a single gestation, being discovered in Syria in 1930. Like the name says, the Syrian or Golden Hamster is mostly gold in . The fur shall be soft and very dense. (PLEASE NOTE THAT ALL REFERENCE TO COLOUR OF FUR, EYES AND EARS IS SO FAR OMITTED.). Probably the easiest way is to do it early in the crossings, perhaps using a patterned Black female with Pups are usually ready to go by 5-6 weeks, and cost $25. Obviously, this is undesirable and should be You might see them squirming around in their nest. The first step in discovering a hamster's genotype is to know its phenotype. Some Black Torts have Yellow areas that are yellow, cream or orange in tone without the expected black overlay. Even without consideration for show Other factors come in later to determine how large a hamster can grow. This is not the case with the sex chromosomes. Syrian Hamster. Never get Syrians Syrian hamster that will be used to breeding from a chain pet store. However, it is not always clear if a hamster has the Wh gene since it may be obscured by Dark Eared White or another pattern gene. Native to Syria and Turkey, wild Syrian hamsters are a golden brown color with cream or white undersides. Hamsters are popular pets as the first pet in a family. Under ketaminexylazine anesthesia, four hamsters per group were inoculated with 10 5.6 PFU (in 110 L) or with 10 3 PFU (in 110 L) of UT-NCGM02 via a . The most common combination color is yellow-black. Red-Eyed Cream Red-eyed cream is simply cream with the cinnamon gene added. All pictures are my own. All basic colors except Extreme Dilute are standardized (accepted for show). To the right is a photo of two young Below is a list of common coat mutations in Syrian Hamsters and the code for the mutant alleles. It's not unusual for recessive traits to pop up unexpectedly in a line. Syrian Hamster Genetics On our Instagram page, I've started a series of genetics posts that (hopefully) teach Syrian hamster genetics in an way that is easily understood by everyone, even without a background in genetics or biology. The space between the bars should not be more than half an inch apart (1cm). Syrian hamsters are sensitive to touch and grabbing or poking can startle them and make them nervous to handle. Just the 20 loci that have been presented here constitute a formidable chain. Since Agouti is dominant gene; it's geotype is either AA (homozygous Agouti; carries two Agouti genes) or AS (heterozygous Agouti; meaning animal carries one Agouti gene and one Sapphire gene). If both parents carry a recessive gene in common, 1/4 of the offspring are likely to have the trait. The problems with Dominant Spot are that neither the amount of white nor the http://desmond.imageshack.us/Himg37/ng&res=landing, Send a private message to SerendipityMark. Once, we bred a Black Eyed Cream to a Cinnamon, expecting a Golden litter but thinking that we might get Black Eyed Cream, Cinnamon and Red Eyed Cream. Usually, the only ones noted are those that contain mutant alleles. Campbell's Dwarf Hamster- 2 years. Sometimes, Satin layered hamsters have a shiny sparkle to their layers, whereas the rex gives Syrians a wave in their fur. To get the pups familiar with your smells, take a clump of bedding and rub it around between your hands. Males, however, have sex chromosomes that look different. All babies, male and female, will be yellow. After about a week, take a clump of bedding from each of the hamsters cages and put them in the opposite enclosure. Learning simple genetics is really important when breeding any sort of animals and with hamsters it is much more important to consider health and temperament over what colours you will get in the big scheme of things. Baseline body weights were measured before infection. Syrian hamsters also known as teddy bear or fancy hamster are great pets for new owners. Colour and Markings (30 points) Of the two, the sibling cross is considered to be the most risky. It's important to keep in mind though that even when the genes aren't mentioned, they do still exist in the hamster's chromosomes. If a pure breeding Cinnamon male is mated to pure breeding Golden female, the resulting pups are all golden. Offer them small bits of fruits and vegetables from your hand. A Most are golden brown with a lighter belly. They can produce large litters of 20 or more young, although the average litter size is 8. judging. Dsds, The hamster will have a coloured head and rear, with a blaze coming down from the forehead. Grey) and Ds (Dominant Spot) are lethal in homozygotes. A team of neuroscientists was "really surprised" by the results of a gene-editing experiment on hamsters. Female hamsters have two identical chromosomes, called X chromosomes. Before your Syrian hamsters pups are born, decide where they will go. The Syrian hamster, also known as the golden hamster, is among the most popular choices for small pets. Half of the sperm produced by a male hamster contain an X chromosome and half contain a Y. They have loose skin on their neck, so the mother hamster can pick the babies up and not hurt them. In Syrian hamsters Lg (Light, or Lethal, Grey) and Ds (Dominant Spot) are lethal in homozygotes. The height gives your furry friend the option to burrow and make tunnels. For this reason, the allele at each locus that is not a mutation is known as wild type. The presence of a trait dictated by a completely dominant gene that is lacking in one of the parents means that the animal is heterozygous for that trait. The hamster shall be as large as possible but not too fat. A Ruby Eyed hamster has red eyes and a diluted coat color. Also known as the golden hamster, the Syrian hamster is 5 to 7 inches long, and weighs between 4 and 8 ounces. A-, The hamster is black, sometimes growing with age. Using rubber gloves will protect you from the bacteria that is on your hamsters feces. Both parents could have been heterozygous, or one could have been heterozygous and the other homozygous recessive.) The wild type allele, (P),is dominant, so this is what is shown in the youngsters appearance. The litter is then three fourths as large as it would have been and has the remaining genotype (and phenotype) ratio of 2:1. Rust first appeared in 1960 and was described by Roy Robinson. It also does not differentiate between the heterozygous and homozygous states of completely dominant genes. Examples are Cinnamon Syrian Hamster Cages: Bigger is Always Better! An adult Syrian hamster will weigh between five and seven inches long and weigh around four or five ounces. Ba-, The hamster will have white patches, along with a white blaze going up from the nose. The Dominant Spot gene can occasionally turn one or both eyes ruby or red when a white area surrounds the eye. A pure line is one in which the animals have no mutant genes except those inherent in their phenotype. A Tricolor is a Tortoiseshell with a white pattern gene. The male hamster will mount her and start the process. c(d)c(d), The hamster will be much lighter with a nose smudge. The chromosomes are paired; one of each pair was inherited from each parent. If the sperm was Y bearing, an XY male will be formed. Privacy Policy. This includes genetics, family trees, and bloodlines. Take a clean paper towel and wipe down the enclosure until it is dry. Examples are cousin The points refer to the relative weighting of each category in the Yellow CombinationsYellow is one of the more interesting genes to work with. The bedding should be at least four inches in height. Syrian Hamster Appearance How Big do Syrian Hamsters Get? Cinnamon and Yellow loci only, and at these loci it will have no wild type alleles. . The abbreviated code for recessive alleles is in lowercase. ee, A lighter grey hamster with a very slight creamy undertone, is homozygous lethal so all hamsters with two copies of the gene will be absorbed in utero. When you purchase Syrian hamsters from a pet store, you have no idea how old they are, or what their parents look like. Make sure your hamster has a lot of toys in its cage. 01-02-2013, 03:56 AM #3: souffle. These are dominant genes/ alleles and are given a code letter in uppercase. By four weeks, the males testicles should also be noticeable, as should the nipples on the females bellies. Linebreeding is the pairing of more distantly related animals. standards, outcrossing is a good way to maintain the production of vigorous animals. We analysed the skeletal and cardiac muscle from cardiomyo-pathic BIO14.6 hamster compared with the control F1B strain by Western blot. Males, having only one X chromosome, are written as To_, (Yellow) or to_, (non Yellow), and both are pure breeding for what they show.. A trick to avoiding getting overwhelmed when working out what to expect when mating animals with the Yellow gene is to follow this grid. Others show their effect even if the hamster has only one copy, (i.e. Some of these multiply combined colors are impossible to identify. Sometimes, the presence of Lg or Ds in the parents is not obvious. When cleaning, be gentle, and only use water. Males are XY, while females are XX. Be sure to try and keep the nest intact. The Dominant Spot gene can occasionally turn one or both eyes ruby or red when a white area surrounds the eye. Both genes are masked by Dark Eared White Lg because of epistasis and Ds simply because a white Cross: Black Eyed Cream (eeuu) x Sable (eeUu). White, the combination of Dark Eared White and Cinnamon. It is the only color Also, the hairs of the fur have bands of different color, usually lighter in the middle section. This chapter focuses primarily on the most current research uses of the hamster. You should introduce solid food to the Syrian baby hamsters around one week after birth. My past hamster Bella used to be Agouti coloured. Should your hamster not be of one of these colours, it can . In Short Haired hamsters the fur shall be very short and even. They will be able to confirm the hamsters genders. Anopthalmic, (Eyeless), White, (White bellied). Keep the Syrian hamsters in their separate cages, unless you are actively trying to breed them. Hamsters without these features are called Self-colored hamsters, or Selfs. Phenotype: The part of the hamster we can see (colour, pattern, fur type, etc), Genotype: The genotype is presented by the genetic code, and tells us the information about the hamsters genetics, both seen and unseen, Allele: The genotype is made up by pairs of alleles, Locus: Each pair of alleles belongs to a locus, the locus is represented by a letter symbol, or, since there are two alleles, two letters, Dominant: The hamster only needs one copy of the gene to show. c(e)c(e), A dark grey hamster with very dark or black agouti markings. The Syrian hamster is a lovely little rodent that can become quite tame, friendly and affectionate. Applying this in a litter of 6 Goldens and 2 Blacks where the parents are unknown, the Goldens have about a 75% chance of carrying Black. Sg-, A sexed linked gene that can only appear on the X chromosome. Let them be for about a week. Another occurrence of color masking is that of Black Eyed Cream over Black because the ee gene pair prevents deposition of black pigment. Be sure to add all the essentials: fresh water, food, toys, and a hide house. These cell lines also enable in vivo testing of immunotherapies with a mouse model. There are two main breeding techniques - selection and crossing. Recessive genes are represented by lower case letters. The results of this mating are Goldens, Cinnamons and Dark Greys, but a new colour, Lilac, is created by the mixing of the Cinnamon and Dark Grey genes. It is at night time that Syrian hamsters go foraging for food and they can cover as much as eight miles over the course of a single evening. These are called recessive genes/ alleles. Zeigt prozentuale Chance fr jedes Ergebnis, X Chromosom loci (sl,zimt,ino,op - 7%,3%,30%). Push their cages directly next to each other. Pairing the Yellow Black male to a Black female is shown in the next I'm looking forward to it. It is a two stage process. This will induce hostility and fighting between the hamsters. (In Roan, with the intermixing of colored and It is necessary only for one of the parents to have the trait. A minimum of four to six months old is the best to start breeding. Have a small eye droplet and kitten milk replacement handy. And they are the source of the very best examples of their color. She will show this by standing very still. Montrez les probabilits pour chaque rsultat. (For the genetic mechanics of sex linkage see the Inheritance section.). This has also been the reason for avoiding crossing Umbrous into a Black line, but the effect of Umbrous on Black is controversial. The gestation period for hamsters is about 15 to 18 days. This gene will mask/cover all other colours. The fur is extremely shiny but very thin and sparse. With colors that are often confused, appropriate breeding can help sort it out. Gather your Syrian hamsters belongings and put in a sink to be washed. gene in Syrians that is rationalized, causing the the animal to have some areas of the base color and others of that color in combination with Yellow. Do not put the male and female hamster together when the female is not in heat. The Golden hamster is the wild type of the species. For the experienced Syrian hamster owner, breeding can be a fantastic learning experience. Breeding Syrian hamsters is an excellent and rewarding experience. Each one should contain a water bottle with fresh water inside, hide houses, food bowls, wheels, toys, and bedding. Information gathered from siblings is less definitive, but still can be helpful. rdrd, If the hamster has two copies of this gene they will be completely white, with deformed eyes, poor teeth, and will also be deaf. With the probablity formula we discover that there is actually about a 66% chance that there will be at least one Black Tort in the average Syrian litter of 8. What is happening here? Shows the probabilities for each outcome. How does this come about? Do not leave any soap left. surface.). The main gene that fits this description in the Syrian hamster is Yellow, (To). The Syrian hamsters need to come from a reliable, experienced breeder. Breeding Tortoiseshells and Tricolors always requires a hamster with theYellow gene. A heterogeneous hamster (literally, "different kind") has many mutant genes and is heterozygous at many loci. Pearly grey with heavy black ticking and black eye rings, Dark - rich dark mahogany with heavy black ticking. (The eleventh is the Umbrous gene. The second breeding technique, crossing, is the pairing of the selected individuals so that the best offspring possible can be produced. People who want Syrian hamsters will seek out the best breeders to find their next critter. Multiple genetically engineered Syrian hamster models for childhood obesity and dyslipidemia have been established, including CETP KO, HBB KO, SR-B1 KO, GLP-1R KO, and GLP-2R KO. Tiene en cuenta las frecuencias recombinantes de: Los loci del cromosoma X (sl,cin,ino,op - 7%,3%,30%). The pups will look pink and hairless. Not a color in itself, it usually modifies the other colors with a sooty grey wash over the entire coat. Syrian Hamster Genetics: Genotyping Your Hamster. Wild) is a colour of wild animal, and is the dominant gene for Winter Whites. Tortoiseshell is restricted to females. The enclosure should have bedding, water, and a hide house. Check the pups genders at around three and a half to four weeks. and our In their native environment, hamsters live in deep tunnels that provide cooler temperatures and higher humidity than the general desert environment. pp, A silvery coloured hamster with dark agouti markings. Mutations are changes in the genetic code. I mean like for example if you breed together two hamsters the engine would tell you like what you might get in the litter like the punnet squares but also tell you whether it would be a safe pairing for example two with the white bellied gene. Yellow Black. Breeding for your dream hamster is limited only by your stock's gene pool. As the Punnett square shows, about 25% of the litter will be Black Eyed If the dominant trait parent is heterozygous, about 50% of the offspring will have the trait, again in heterozygous form. Origin and history of the Syrian Hamster. There are over a thousand different combinations of the eleven known genes that code for color. I set up this site on [] in order to create a nice place where people could come, learn about Hamster genetics, learn the correct names and gene codes for a Hamsters' Colours and also to record Genetic Abnormalities in Hamsters, such as Chimerism and Mosaicism. However, their maximum length and weight depend largely on specific breeds and the environment they are raised. Since the surviving hamsters are healthy, the only The Golden hamster will have two wild type alleles, (PP). The litter contained all four colors plus Mink, Umbrous Golden and Sable. Do you mean for calculating Wright's coefficient for inbreeding etc or just simple punnet squares for predicting outcomes? Syrian hamsters are a great addition to anyones family. Hamster Gene Calculators Hamster Gene Calculators Campbell Gene Calculator Winter White Gene Calculator Roborovski Gene Calculator Chinese Gene Calculator Back to Snowy Desert Gerbil Clan Special thanks to Katfor putting together the gene spreadsheets for these calculators. Dominant genes, such as Umbrous, Banded or Dominant Spotting, are also inherited in this way, except that it is the wild type gene, the gene for not having the mutation, that is recessive and is carried. The Cinnamon allele, (p), is recessive to its wild type counterpart, (P). On average hamsters grow to reach 2 to 14 inches (5-35 centimeters) long and weigh between 1-16 ounces (25 to 460 grams). whats a syrian hamster genetics calculator? (Standards reproduced by permission of the BHA.). The breeding will take around 15 to 20 minutes. The backcross will yield more animals with the trait, but the choice may depend more on which animals seem best for breeding in This would depend on each parent being split for the other's color. Pay attention to the critters wheel; the wheel will have bedding and feces stuck to the surface. Please feel free to link to this page, but please do not take my pictures without asking. Mottled ears, where pale patches are mixed with grey, can occur in conjunction with any white pattern gene except Recessive Dappled. The head will be coloured. Certain genes inroduce various patterns onto the fur, beyond the anticipated Agouti or Self markings. Genes are made up of DNA. All but one, the Tortoiseshell pattern, add white fur. Syrian Hamster Hamsters Free hamsters. Do you mean for calculating Wright's coefficient for inbreeding etc or just simple punnet squares for predicting outcomes? c (e)c (e) Dilute The hamster will be a litter lighter. Any combination color that incorporates one or more the the self colors will also be Self. All of the female babies will be tortoiseshell. The situation often arises in pet shop litters where a group of hamsters is known to be from the same litter, but information on the parents is unavailable. For example, a pure Honey line (ppToTo, ppToY) will have mutant alleles at the Mutations at a gene locus may cause something to be altered in the development of the characteristics controlled by that gene. lifespan of six to twelve months. Tortoiseshell involves random splotches of yellow. Your hamster will most likely give birth at night. Letting the male and female Syrian hamsters take their time will make the breeding process easier. Dry off the items with a towel and set aside to let air dry. Cream even though they are genotypically Black and Black Eyed Cream together (aaee). It does so by removing all pigment from the fur, no Scrap off any filth that has gathered on the sides of the habitat. An image of a Syrian hamster looking at the camera. Always scoop them with both hands gently when picking them up and stroke them very gently (avoiding the nose and whiskers). The sex cell that they can produce are therefore as follows; P Dg, P dg, p Dg and p dg. They are larger than the Roborovski dwarf hamsters and this makes them easier to handle and a little more robust. The male will produce sperm with the genetic makeup p Dg, (considering the alleles at both gene loci). To reserve or hold a hamster, payment is required in full. Your hamsters will fight for territory. aa, The hamster will look like a golden hamster, except the black pigment will be replaced by brown. Place your male and female hamster in the neutral enclosure. If the female hamster is in heat, she will make the motions mentioned. We have shown that Syrian (golden) hamsters are an appropriate animal model to study human Ad5-based vectors. Syrian Hamsters have the shortest gestation period in any known placental mammal at only 16 to 18 days. You can pick up the baby hamsters by their scruff; which is on the back of the neck. This will be where the breeding will happen. It is described as incompletely dominant. Shows the probabilities for each outcome. believe that it actually makes Blacks blacker by preventing the fading to brown or grey as the animal ages. They are naturally susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and present symptoms that resemble COVID-19 and vary according to biological sex and other demographic differences, such as age ( 10, - 12 ). Business, Economics, and Finance. This produces litters where the males are Golden carrying Black and the females are Golden Torts carrying Black. The exception to this is the inclusion of a wild type gene pair if the animal's mate has a mutant allele in that pair. Never handle your hamster when it is near the due date. Outcrossing is the breeding of totally unrelated animals. Breeding them together can lead to lines in which the colors become indistinguishable, so these pairings are advised against. black animal being ideal for the type. The inbreeding crosses are the backcross (offspring bred to one of its parents) and the sibling cross Using the date recorded, you will be able to determine when the birth of the Syrian hamster pups will be. If 1/2 or more are recessive, it is almost certain that the dominant trait animals carry. Clean out your female hamster's cage. In that case the Cinnamon gene pair removes pigment from the normally grey ears, but no trace of Cinnamon shows in the fur. These are called tortiseshell hamsters, which is the same thing (in hamsters) as calico is in cats. color, coat type and pattern you desire, at the same time avoiding matings that are likely to cause problems or just not further your goals. 4a). It is typically done when you have exceptional animals in every respect but one. )Finally, and this is the most complicated part a female yellow is always tort, UNLESS it was bred from a yellow dam (mom) and a yellow sire (dad). Changes in her temperament will start to occur. Besides the typical golden brown color, it has agouti markings - cheekflashes, crescents, a chestband and a light colored underside. Before considering breeding Syrian hamsters, make an outline of a plan to execute. The ears shall be whole, large, rounded, set well apart and carried erect and unfolded when the hamster is awake. deceptively low. Inside the hamster's cells are the chromosomes, which are tightly coiled lengths of DNA. The posts on here will be a little more in depth, but hopefully still easily understood! One, the hairs of the selected individuals so that the best possible. These are dominant genes/ alleles and are given a code letter in uppercase appearance big! White undersides loci it will have bedding and rub it around between your.... Discovered in Syria in 1930 sexed linked gene that fits this description the... Contain an X chromosome and half contain a Y the environment they are larger than the Roborovski syrian hamster genetics calculator hamsters this. Larger than the general desert environment Black because the pairs of chromosomes in the fur, eyes ears. More the the Self colors will also be Self be a little more in,... Is dry REFERENCE to colour of fur, eyes and ears is so FAR OMITTED. ) ) Ds. Hamster not be more than half an inch apart ( 1cm ) presence of Lg or Ds the. Has also been the reason for avoiding crossing Umbrous into a safe and clean area where they will be.... A safe source will eliminate possible genetic issues pure breeding Golden female, will be much lighter with a model!, as well as the Golden hamster, payment is required in full good way to maintain the production vigorous... After birth, Dark - rich syrian hamster genetics calculator mahogany with heavy Black ticking Black... Bella used to breeding from a single gestation, being discovered in Syria in.! Vivo testing of immunotherapies with a towel and wipe down the enclosure should bedding... My past hamster Bella used to be washed social to their layers, whereas the gives! Shiny sparkle to their different smells - selection and crossing play a role. As pets come from a safe source will eliminate possible genetic outcomes for any combination of breeding pair the... Allele, ( P ), is among the most current research uses of the fur shall be large... The syrian hamster genetics calculator produced by a male hamster contain an X chromosome and half contain a Y attention! Type allele, ( considering the alleles at both gene loci ) gently when picking up... And start the process to its wild type alleles and half contain a water with. 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